The entire
electromagnetic spectrum
plays an important role in the electronics and computer industry. Modern communications
equipment employ a wide range of electromagnetic frequencies to transmit
and receive information.
Light emitting
diodes
(LED's) and laser IC's employ
luminescence,
or emission of optical radiation as a result of electronic excitation,
to relay visual information, provide visual entertainment, and transmit
digital information in light form. X-rays and gamma rays are vital to
many analytical techniques and manufacturing steps used in various
industries today. The tables below present the characteristics of
the various bands in the electromagnetic spectrum.
|
Table 1.
Full Electromagnetic Spectrum Table |
|
Electromagnetic Wave |
Energy
E (eV) |
Frequency F (Hz) |
Wavelength λ (µm) |
|
Long
Electrical Oscillation |
E < 10-10 |
F < 104 |
λ > 1010 |
|
Radio
Waves |
10-11
< E < 10-5 |
103
< F < 109 |
1011 > λ > 106 |
|
Microwaves |
10-6
< E < 10-3 |
109
< F < 1012 |
106 > λ >
103 |
|
Infrared Rays |
10-3 < E < 2 |
1012
< F < 5x1014 |
103 > λ > 0.77 |
|
Visible
Light |
2 < E < 3 |
4x1014 < F < 8x1014 |
0.77 > λ > 0.39 |
|
Ultraviolet Rays |
3
< E < 103 |
7x1014 < F < 3x1017 |
0.39 > λ > 0.01 |
|
X-Rays |
102
< E < 106 |
1016
< F < 1021 |
0.1 > λ > 10-7 |
|
Gamma
Rays |
104
< E < 108 |
1018
< F < 1023 |
10-4
> λ > 10-8 |
|
Cosmic
Rays |
E > 108
|
F > 1022 |
λ < 10-7 |
|
| |
|
Table 2.
Optical Radiation Spectrum Table |
|
Optical
Radiation |
Wavelength λ (µm) |
|
Extreme
Infrared |
40 < λ
< 1000 |
|
Far
Infrared |
6
< λ < 40 |
|
Medium
Infrared |
1.5 < λ
< 6 |
|
Near
Infrared |
0.77
< λ < 1.5 |
|
Red |
0.622
< λ < 0.770 |
|
Orange |
0.597 <
λ < 0.622 |
|
Yellow |
0.577
< λ < 0.597 |
|
Green |
0.492
< λ < 0.577 |
|
Blue |
0.455 <
λ < 0.492 |
|
Violet |
0.390 <
λ < 0.455 |
|
Near
Ultraviolet |
0.30 <
λ < 0.39 |
|
Far
Ultraviolet |
0.20 <
λ < 0.30 |
|
Extreme
Ultraviolet |
0.01 <
λ < 0.20 |
|
| |
|
Table 3.
Radio Wave Spectrum Table |
|
Band
Name |
Acronym |
Frequency |
Wavelength |
|
Extremely Low Frequency |
ELF |
3-30 Hz |
100,000
km - 10,000 km |
|
Super
Low Frequency |
SLF |
30–300 Hz |
10,000 km – 1000 km |
|
Ultra
Low Frequency |
ULF |
300–3000 Hz |
1000 km – 100 km |
|
Very
Low Frequency |
VLF |
3–30 kHz |
100 km – 10 km |
|
Low
Frequency |
LF |
30–300 kHz |
10 km – 1 km |
|
Medium
Frequency |
MF |
300–3000 kHz |
1 km – 100 m |
|
High
Frequency |
HF |
3–30 MHz |
100 m – 10 m |
|
Very
High Frequency |
VHF |
30–300 MHz |
10 m – 1 m |
|
Ultra
High Frequency |
UHF |
300–3000 MHz |
1 m – 100 mm |
|
Super
High Frequency |
SHF |
3–30 GHz |
100 mm – 10 mm |
|
Extremely High Frequency |
EHF |
30–300 GHz |
10 mm – 1 mm |
|
